Pinus nigra, commonly known as Black Pine. Black pine is one of the most hardy bonsai tree species because it can withstand almost any ruthless, harsh environment. It has an irregularly shaped gray bark that slowly turns black as the tree ages. Black pines live in full sun and tolerate high temperatures well, however, the roots can burn in bonsai bowls if left standing on a hot summer day. Therefore, it is advisable to protect the bowl from the hot summer sun. The color of the leaves is lighter green when the tree is grown in a sunny place, but deep green when placed in sections or in full shade. The plant tolerates both drought and dry air well, although it is better to keep black pine slightly moist. Excellent drainage should be provided to minimize the possibility of root rot, so Kiryuzuna + Akadama + Pumis planting medium mixed with a little activated carbon is recommended. Unusually, Black Pine does not require much fertilization. Nevertheless, it evaluates the use of BioGold or a similar nutrient-rich preparation (e.g., fish emulsion) between mid-spring and early autumn as a bonsai. Pruning the tree in late fall and early winter decided to perfect it to prevent or minimize “moisture bleeding,” moisture loss.